JOWIH MOBILE HEALTH FRAMEWORK
Pillar I Implementation: Empower Communities & Basic Needs
SECTION 1: CORE PRINCIPLES
- 1 Healthcare Comes to the People – The Foundation shall not build hospitals as the primary model. Instead, healthcare shall be delivered through mobile health capsules that travel to villages, towns, and remote settlements.
- 2 Permanent Level 3 Hospitals in Every County – Every county or district shall have its own permanent Level 3 district hospital. This hospital operates continuously, providing routine inpatient care, basic surgery, maternal health, and outpatient services.
- 3 Mobile Surgical Platoon Upgrades – When the Level 5/6 mobile surgical platoon arrives at a county hospital, the facility is temporarily upgraded to Level 5/6 capability. Advanced surgery, intensive care, CT scanning, and blood banking become available.
- 4 No Infrastructure Waste – When the platoon leaves, the Level 3 hospital remains fully operational. No building sits empty. No staff are idle. The upgrade is temporary. The baseline care is permanent.
- 5 Three Static World-Class Hospitals – The Foundation shall build three permanent world-class hospitals (Level 6) serving as ultimate referral centers: one in West Africa, one in East Africa, and one in Southern Africa.
- 6 Predictable Rotation Schedule – Counties shall know when the surgical platoon will arrive (e.g., "Every 4 months"). Predictability builds trust and enables surgical planning.
- 7 Integrated with Existing Systems – Mobile health shall work alongside government clinics, hospitals, and community health workers. It shall not replace them.
- 8 Scalable Across Africa – The same hospital design, capsule specifications, and operational protocols shall work in any country, any terrain.
SECTION 2: THE THREE STATIC WORLD-CLASS HOSPITALS
- 1 Purpose – These are permanent, non-mobile referral centers for long-term or highly complex cases beyond the capability of the mobile surgical platoon.
2.2 Locations
- Hospital 1 (West Africa): Nigeria or Ghana
- Specialties: Cardiology, Oncology, General Surgery
- Hospital 2 (East Africa): Kenya or Tanzania
- Specialties: Neurology, Neurosurgery, Infectious Diseases
- Hospital 3 (Southern Africa): South Africa or Zambia
- Specialties: Trauma, Emergency, Pediatrics, Maternal Health
2.3 Functions
- Ultimate referral center for cases beyond Level 5/6 capability
- Training ground for medical staff
- Medical research and innovation
- Complex surgeries (organ transplant, advanced neurosurgery, etc.)
- Teaching hospital for the Mega STEM University medical program
- Patients airlifted from any country when needed
SECTION 3: PERMANENT LEVEL 3 HOSPITALS (EVERY COUNTY)
- 1 Concept – Every county or district in every country shall have a permanent Level 3 district hospital. This hospital operates continuously, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year. It is never closed.
3.2 Services Always Available
- Outpatient consultations for routine illnesses
- Inpatient wards for observation and recovery
- Normal deliveries and basic obstetric care
- Basic laboratory services (blood tests, urinalysis, malaria, HIV)
- Basic pharmacy for essential medications
- Emergency stabilization and first aid
- Minor surgical procedures (sutures, wound care, abscess drainage)
3.3 When the Surgical Platoon Arrives
- The Level 5/6 mobile platoon sets up within the hospital compound
- The facility is temporarily upgraded to Level 5/6 capability
- Advanced surgery becomes available (general, orthopedic, obstetric)
- Intensive care with ventilators becomes available
- CT scanning and advanced radiology become available
- Blood bank and advanced laboratory become available
- Specialist surgeons, anesthesiologists, and intensivists are present
3.4 When the Surgical Platoon Leaves
- The Level 5/6 capsules and specialist staff depart
- The Level 3 hospital remains fully operational
- Routine care continues without interruption
- No infrastructure sits idle
- No staff are displaced
- 5 Compound Components (Permanent Level 3 Hospital)
The permanent compound includes the following facilities that operate continuously:
- Outpatient department for general consultations
- Inpatient wards with 20 to 50 beds for observation and recovery
- Maternity unit for normal deliveries and basic obstetric care
- Basic laboratory for routine blood tests, urinalysis, malaria, and HIV screening
- Basic pharmacy for essential medications and chronic disease management
- Emergency room for stabilization and first aid
- Minor surgery room for sutures, wound care, and minor procedures
- Administration offices for records, admissions, and staff
- Staff quarters for permanent hospital staff
- Security perimeter with walls, fencing, access control, and guard house
- Green spaces including healing gardens and outdoor areas for patients and staff
- Solar power array for primary or backup power
- Water treatment system for on-site purification and storage
- Basic waste management for medical waste handling
3.6 When Surgical Platoon Arrives (Temporary Additions)
When the mobile surgical platoon arrives, the following capsules are added to the compound:
- Operating Theater Capsules for major surgery (general, obstetric, orthopedic)
- Intensive Care Unit Capsules with ventilators for critical care
- Advanced Laboratory Capsule for blood bank, microbiology, and pathology
- Radiology Capsule with CT scanner and advanced ultrasound
- Sterilization and Supply Capsule for surgical instrument processing
- Command and Telemedicine Capsule for coordination and remote specialist consults
- Staff Quarters Capsules for rotating specialist staff
3.7 Compound Specifications
- Land area: 2 to 5 acres per hospital
- Permanent
- Capsule parking area: Space for 12 to 14 capsules when platoon arrives
- Construction time: 6 to 12 months for permanent Level 3 structure
- Power: Solar plus grid backup plus battery banks
- Water: On-site borehole plus purification plus storage
- Security: 24/7 monitoring, access control, perimeter wall
- 8 Number of Hospitals per Country
- Small countries such as Rwanda or Burundi with 30 to 40 counties: 4 to 6 hospitals
- Medium countries such as Kenya or Ghana with 40 to 60 counties: 6 to 8 hospitals
- Large countries such as Nigeria or Democratic Republic of Congo with 100 to 200 counties: 10 to 15 hospitals
3.9 Total Hospitals Across Africa
- Average hospitals per country: 6 to 10
- Total countries: 54
- Total permanent Level 3 hospitals: 324 to 540
SECTION 4: THE MOBILE SURGICAL PLATOON (TIER 4)
- 1 Concept – A coordinated platoon of specialized capsules that together function as a fully mobile Level 5/6 surgical hospital. One platoon rotates between multiple permanent Level 3 hospitals within a country.
4.2 Platoon Composition
The platoon consists of the following capsules:
- Triage and Emergency Capsule
- Function: Initial assessment, stabilization, resuscitation
- Staff: 2 ER nurses plus 1 ER doctor
- Operating Theater 1 Capsule
- Function: General surgery, emergency surgery
- Staff: 1 surgeon plus 1 anesthesiologist plus 2 scrub nurses
- Operating Theater 2 Capsule
- Function: Obstetric surgery including C-sections and gynecology
- Staff: 1 OB-GYN plus 1 anesthesiologist plus 2 scrub nurses
- Operating Theater 3 Capsule (optional)
- Function: Orthopedic or specialty surgery
- Staff: 1 orthopedic surgeon plus 1 anesthesiologist plus 2 scrub nurses
- Intensive Care Unit Capsule
- Function: Post-operative recovery, critical care, ventilators
- Staff: 1 intensivist plus 2 ICU nurses
- Inpatient Ward 1 Capsule
- Function: Post-surgery recovery with 6 to 8 beds
- Staff: 2 nurses
- Inpatient Ward 2 Capsule
- Function: Medical patients and observation with 6 to 8 beds
- Staff: 2 nurses
- Laboratory Capsule
- Function: Blood bank, hematology, microbiology, biochemistry, pathology
- Staff: 2 lab techs plus remote pathologist
- Radiology Capsule
- Function: X-ray, portable CT scanner, ultrasound
- Staff: 1 radiographer plus remote radiologist
- Pharmacy and Blood Bank Capsule
- Function: Medications, blood products, cold storage, blood typing
- Staff: 1 pharmacist plus 1 blood bank technician
- Sterilization and Supply Capsule
- Function: Autoclaves, surgical instrument sterilization, central supply
- Staff: 1 technician
- Staff Quarters Capsule
- Function: Sleeping, rest, meals for rotating shifts
- Staff: None (accommodation only)
- Command and Telemedicine Capsule
- Function: Coordination, remote specialist consults, patient records
- Staff: 1 coordinator
4.3 Platoon Summary
- Total capsules: 12 to 14
- Total clinical staff: 22 to 28
- Total support staff: 4 to 6
- Daily surgical capacity: 10 to 20 major surgeries
- Daily patient capacity: 100 to 200 inpatient and outpatient
- 4 Number of Platoons per Country
- 4 to 6 hospitals in a country: 1 platoon
- Rotation pattern: 2 to 3 months at each hospital
- 6 to 8 hospitals in a country: 1 to 2 platoons
- Rotation pattern: 1 to 2 months at each hospital
- 10 to 15 hospitals in a country: 2 to 3 platoons
- Rotation pattern: 1 to 2 months at each hospital
SECTION 5: THE ROTATION MODEL
5.1 How Rotation Works
Within a country, the mobile surgical platoon rotates between permanent Level 3 hospitals on a predictable schedule.
When the platoon arrives at a hospital, that facility is temporarily upgraded from Level 3 to Level 5/6 capability. Advanced surgery, intensive care, CT scanning, and blood banking become available.
When the platoon leaves, the capsules and specialist staff depart. The Level 3 hospital remains fully operational. Routine care continues without interruption.
Hospitals without the platoon continue operating as normal Level 3 hospitals. No facility sits empty. No services are lost.
- 2 Rotation Schedule Example for a Country with 6 Hospitals and 1 Platoon
- January to February: Hospital 1 is active with platoon. Hospital becomes Level 5/6. Major surgeries performed.
- March to April: Hospital 2 is active with platoon. Hospital becomes Level 5/6. Major surgeries performed.
- May to June: Hospital 3 is active with platoon. Hospital becomes Level 5/6. Major surgeries performed.
- July to August: Hospital 4 is active with platoon. Hospital becomes Level 5/6. Major surgeries performed.
- September to October: Hospital 5 is active with platoon. Hospital becomes Level 5/6. Major surgeries performed.
- November to December: Hospital 6 is active with platoon. Hospital becomes Level 5/6. Major surgeries performed.
5.3 Follow-Up Rotation (Next Year)
- January to February: Hospital 1 is active again. Follow-up surgeries performed. New surgical cases addressed.
- The cycle repeats continuously. Every hospital receives the platoon on a predictable schedule.
5.4 Between Rotations
- Hospitals without the platoon continue operating as normal Level 3 hospitals.
- Routine outpatient care continues.
- Normal deliveries continue.
- Basic inpatient care continues.
- Minor surgical procedures continue.
- Emergency stabilization continues.
- Patients requiring major surgery are either transported to the hospital currently hosting the platoon or scheduled for the next rotation.
SECTION 6: TIER 1-3 MOBILE CLINICS (VILLAGE LEVEL)
- 1 Concept – Multiple health capsules travel together as a coordinated platoon, arriving at villages on a predictable schedule. These clinics bring routine healthcare directly to communities.
6.2 Capsule Types
- Diagnostics Capsule
- Function: General check-ups, vital signs, laboratory tests
- Staff: 1 to 2 clinical officers plus 1 lab technician
- Maternal and Child Health Capsule
- Function: Prenatal care, vaccinations, well-baby checkups, nutrition counseling
- Staff: 1 midwife plus 1 nurse
- Emergency and Minor Surgery Capsule
- Function: Sutures, wound care, fracture stabilization, emergency triage
- Staff: 1 doctor plus 1 trauma nurse
- Pharmacy Capsule
- Function: Dispensing medications, family planning supplies, chronic disease management
- Staff: 1 pharmacist or pharmacy technician
- Telemedicine Capsule
- Function: Remote consultations with specialists
- Staff: 1 nurse coordinator plus video link
- Dental Capsule (optional)
- Function: Extractions, cleanings, basic dental care
- Staff: 1 dentist plus 1 assistant
6.3 Platoon Configurations
Basic Configuration (2 capsules):
- Diagnostics plus Pharmacy
- Staff: 3 to 4
- Daily patient capacity: 50 to 100
Standard Configuration (4 capsules):
- Diagnostics plus Maternal plus Pharmacy plus Telemedicine
- Staff: 6 to 8
- Daily patient capacity: 150 to 250
Full Configuration (5 to 6 capsules):
- All available capsules
- Staff: 10 to 12
- Daily patient capacity: 300 to 500
6.4 Deployment Schedule
- Weekly visits: High-population villages with more than 5,000 residents
- Platoon type: Standard or Full
- Bi-weekly visits: Medium villages with 1,000 to 5,000 residents
- Platoon type: Basic or Standard
- Monthly visits: Remote villages with fewer than 1,000 residents
- Platoon type: Basic
- Emergency response: Any village on-call
- Platoon type: Emergency capsule only
6.5 Predictable Scheduling
- Villages receive printed and digital calendars
- Community Development Entities announce arrival dates through the Jowih Asta and local announcements
- Patients can pre-register via the Jowih Asta , which reduces wait times
SECTION 7: CAPSULE SPECIFICATIONS (ALL TIERS)
- 1 Dimensions (same as CRT capsules for manufacturing efficiency)
- Length: 13 meters
- Width: 3m meters
- Height: 3.20 meters
- Wheels: Rugged road-friendly, airless tires (no punctures)
- Suspension: Advanced active and passive suspension
- Power: Electric hub motors plus swappable battery packs
- Solar charging: Available at depots and compounds
7.2 Diagnostics Capsule Interior
- Examination table
- Basic laboratory equipment including microscope, centrifuge, and rapid test kits
- Vital signs monitor for blood pressure, pulse, temperature, and oxygen saturation
- Electrocardiogram machine
- Portable ultrasound
- Storage for consumables including gloves, swabs, and reagents
7.3 Maternal and Child Health Capsule Interior
- Two examination beds
- Solar-powered vaccination refrigerator
- Baby weighing scale
- Growth monitoring charts
- Prenatal education materials
- Emergency delivery kit
7.4 Emergency and Minor Surgery Capsule Interior
- Treatment beds
- Surgical light
- Sterilization equipment
- Minor surgery kit including sutures and instruments
- Oxygen concentrator
- Defibrillator
- Emergency drug kit
7.5 Pharmacy Capsule Interior
- Dispensing counter
- Locked temperature-controlled medication storage
- Cold chain refrigerator for vaccines and insulin
- Dispensing software linked to patient records
- Pill counters and labeling equipment
7.6 Telemedicine Capsule Interior
- Workstation with large screen
- High-quality camera and microphone
- Satellite or 4G or 5G internet connection
- Remote specialist scheduling system
- Patient couch for remote examination guidance
7.7 Dental Capsule Interior
- Dental chair
- Autoclave for instrument sterilization
- Extraction instruments
- Compressor and suction equipment
- Basic restorative materials
- 8 Operating Theater Capsule Interior (Tier 4)
- Operating table
- Surgical light
- Anesthesia machine
- Patient monitors
- Surgical instrument tables
- Sterile storage
- 9 Intensive Care Unit Capsule Interior (Tier 4)
- 2 to 4 ICU beds
- Ventilators
- Patient monitors
- Infusion pumps
- Emergency crash cart
- Central nursing station
- 10 Laboratory Capsule Interior (Tier 4)
- Hematology analyzer
- Chemistry analyzer
- Microbiology workstation
- Blood bank refrigerator
- Microscope
- Centrifuge
- Autoclave
- 11 Radiology Capsule Interior (Tier 4)
- Portable CT scanner
- Digital X-ray machine
- Ultrasound machine
- Radiologist workstations
- Radiation shielding
SECTION 8: STAFFING MODEL
- 1 Permanent Level 3 Hospital Staff (Per Hospital)
- Hospital Administrator: 1
- Medical Officer or General Practitioner: 2 to 3
- Clinical Officers: 3 to 5
- Nurses: 8 to 12
- Midwives: 2 to 3
- Laboratory Technician: 1 to 2
- Pharmacist or Pharmacy Technician: 1 to 2
- Administrative and Records Staff: 2 to 3
- Security Guards: 2 to 4
- Maintenance and Grounds Staff: 2 to 3
- Total permanent staff: 25 to 40
- 2 Tier 1-3 Mobile Clinic Staff (Per Platoon, Standard Configuration)
- Platoon Lead (Clinical Officer or Nurse): 1
- Clinical Officer: 1 to 2
- Nurse: 2 to 3
- Laboratory Technician: 1
- Pharmacist or Pharmacy Technician: 1
- Driver and Logistics Coordinator: 1
- Community Health Worker (local, per village): 2 to 3
- Total staff: 10 to 12
- 3 Tier 4 Mobile Surgical Platoon Staff (Per Platoon)
- Platoon Commander (Senior Doctor): 1
- General Surgeon: 1 to 2
- Obstetrician and Gynecologist: 1
- Orthopedic Surgeon (optional): 1
- Anesthesiologist: 1 to 2
- Emergency Physician: 1
- Intensivist (ICU): 1
- General Practitioner: 2
- Clinical Officers: 3 to 4
- Nurses for ER, ICU, wards, and theater: 8 to 12
- Laboratory Technicians: 2
- Radiographer: 1
- Pharmacist: 1
- Blood Bank Technician: 1
- Sterilization Technician: 1
- Logistics Coordinator: 1
- Drivers: 2 to 3
- Total staff: 30 to 40
8.4 Remote Specialist Network (Telemedicine)
- Cardiologist: Available via video consultation
- Dermatologist: Available via video consultation
- Psychiatrist: Available via video consultation
- Pediatrician: Available via video consultation
- Radiologist: Available for image review
- Pathologist: Available for laboratory results review
- Neurosurgeon: Available for remote surgical guidance (from static world-class hospitals)
8.5 Training Requirements
- All clinical staff trained in mobile health protocols
- Emergency response certification for all clinical staff
- Cultural competence training as required by Article XXXVIII
- Equipment maintenance training for technical staff
- Mobile surgical platoon staff trained in disaster response and mass casualty management
SECTION 9: COMPLETE REFERRAL PATHWAY
9.1 Village Level
Tier 1-3 mobile clinics visit villages on a predictable schedule.
- Routine care: Treated on-site. Patient discharged.
- Severe case detected: Patient stabilized. Referred to nearest Level 3 hospital.
- 2 County Level (Level 3 Hospital)
The permanent Level 3 hospital is always open.
- If the mobile surgical platoon is present at this hospital:
- Hospital is upgraded to Level 5/6 capability
- Surgery performed immediately
- Patient recovers in inpatient ward or ICU capsule
- Discharged to community
- If the mobile surgical platoon is at another hospital:
- Patient stabilized at this Level 3 hospital
- Transported to the hospital currently hosting the platoon
- Surgery performed there
- Or scheduled for next rotation when platoon returns
9.3 Beyond County Level
Cases beyond Level 5/6 capability are referred to the three continental world-class hospitals.
Examples of such cases include:
- Organ transplantation
- Advanced neurosurgery
- Complex oncology requiring specialized treatment
- Any long-term or highly complex condition
These patients are stabilized at the Level 3 hospital and then airlifted or transported to the nearest static world-class hospital.
- 4 Static World-Class Hospitals (Level 6)
These hospitals are always open and always staffed.
- West Africa hospital serves West and Central Africa
- East Africa hospital serves East and Horn of Africa
- Southern Africa hospital serves Southern Africa
They provide:
- Complex specialist surgery
- Advanced oncology treatment
- Long-term care for complex conditions
- Medical research and innovation
SECTION 10: SELF-CONTAINED INFRASTRUCTURE
10.1 Power
- Solar panels on each capsule roof
- Large battery banks for overnight operation
- Backup generator for critical functions including surgery and ICU
- Swappable battery packs compatible with CRT and Solar Tree batteries
10.2 Water
- Onboard water tanks with 500 to 1000 liters per platoon
- Water purification system
- Grey water treatment
- Surgical scrubs and sterilization water supply for Tier 4
10.3 Waste Management
- Segregated waste storage for general, infectious, and sharps waste
- Incinerator capsule for medical waste (Tier 4)
- Contracts with local waste management services where available
10.4 Climate Control
- Air conditioning in all clinical capsules
- Temperature-controlled medication storage
- Positive pressure for operating theaters (Tier 4)
SECTION 11:cost STRUCTURE
- 1 Capitalcosts (Permanent Level 3 Hospital per County)
- Land acquisition: $100,000 to $500,000 or lease from government.
- Pre-built modular buildings: $500,000 to $1,000,000
- Solar power system plus battery banks: $200,000 to $500,000
- Water treatment plus borehole: $100,000 to $200,000
- Waste management system: $100,000 to $200,000
- Security perimeter plus access control: $50,000 to $100,000
- Permanent medical equipment: $500,000 to $1,000,000
- Total per hospital: $1.55 million to $3.5 million
- 2 Capitalcosts (Tier 4 Mobile Surgical Platoon)
- Capsules (12 to 14 units): $600,000 to $1.4 million
- Surgical and intensive care unit equipment: $500,000 to $1.5 million
- Radiology equipment including CT scanner, X-ray, and ultrasound: $300,000 to $800,000
- Laboratory equipment: $100,000 to $300,000
- Sterilization and supply equipment: $50,000 to $100,000
- Self-contained infrastructure (solar, water, waste): $200,000 to $500,000
- Specialist staff training: $100,000 to $200,000
- Total per platoon: $1.85 million to $4.8 million
- 3 Capitalcosts (Tier 1-3 Mobile Clinic Platoon)
- Capsules (4 to 5 units): $200,000 to $400,000
- Medical equipment: $100,000 to $200,000
- Staff training: $20,000 to $50,000
- Total per platoon: $320,000 to $650,000
11.4 Capitalcosts (Static World-Class Hospitals)
- Land, construction, and equipment per hospital: $50 million to $150 million
- Total for three hospitals: $150 million to $450 million
11.5 Total Continental Investment
- Permanent Level 3 hospitals: 324 to 540 units
- cost per unit: $1.55 million to $3.5 million
- Total: $500 million to $1.9 billion
- Tier 4 mobile surgical platoons: 54 to 162 units
- cost per unit: $1.85 million to $4.8 million
- Total: $100 million to $778 million
- Tier 1-3 mobile clinic platoons: 1,370 units
- cost per unit: $320,000 to $650,000
- Total: $438 million to $891 million
- Static world-class hospitals: 3 units
- cost per unit: $50 million to $150 million
- Total: $150 million to $450 million
- Grand total: $1.2 billion to $4.0 billion
11.6 Operatingcosts (Annual, Full Deployment)
- Permanent Level 3 hospitals: $300 million to $600 million
- Tier 4 platoons: $127 million to $256 million
- Tier 1-3 platoons: $390 million to $726 million
- Static world-class hospitals: $30 million to $90 million
- Total annual operatingcost: $847 million to $1.67 billion
11.7 Revenue Model
- Patient fees (lowcost)Subsidized for poorest patients.
- Surgical fees (Tier 4): Income-based sliding scale.
- Government service contract: Negotiated per patient, per surgery, or per diem.
- Health insurance claims: Market rate where available.
- Africa Health Fund
11.8 Funding Source
- Surplus from AHF
- Mission Fund
- Country Health Pot from Foundation
SECTION 12: GOVERNMENT PARTNERSHIP
- 1 ADFA Integration – Mobile health shall be included in Accelerated Development Framework Agreements (Article XX.9).
12.2 Government Obligations
- Regulatory approval for mobile health services
- Permission to operate mobile clinics in villages
- Integration with national health surveillance systems
- Referral acceptance at government hospitals
- Exemption from facility licensing for mobile services
- Permission for mobile surgical platoon to rotate between counties
- Waiver of import duties on medical equipment and capsules
- Permission for airlift or transport of patients to static world-class hospitals
12.3 Foundation Obligations
- Build permanent Level 3 hospitals in every county
- Deploy and operate mobile health platoons
- Employ and train all clinical staff
- Procure and maintain capsules and equipment
- Coordinate with Community Development Entities for village scheduling
- Provide free care for the poorest patients (subsidized by donations)
- Conduct surgical campaigns with mobile platoon
- Report outcomes to Ministry of Health
- Operate three static world-class hospitals as ultimate referral centers
- Arrange airlift or transport for patients requiring Level 6 care
12.4 Revenue Share
- Government receives data for public health planning
- No revenue share required for basic services
- For surgeries, government may receive nominal fee per procedure for referred patients
SECTION 13: EMERGENCY RESPONSE
13.1 Mass Casualty Activation
The mobile surgical platoon can be deployed within 48 hours to respond to:
- Natural disasters including earthquakes, floods, and cyclones
- Disease outbreaks including Ebola and cholera
- Mass casualty events including accidents and violence
- Refugee or displacement crises
13.2 Emergency Configuration
- Trauma and emergency surgery prioritized
- Intensive care unit capacity expanded
- Triage and stabilization focused
- Coordination with international relief organizations as needed
13.3 Government Request Protocol
- Government requests activation through ADFA emergency clause
- Foundation deploys within 48 hours
- costs shared: Foundation covers capital, government covers consumables for emergency response

